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Tuesday, June 25, 2013

Examination - Has it killed Education



Points to be known:-
  • Ancient China was the first country in the world that implemented a national wide standardized test, which was called as 'Imperial examination' in 605 AD. The purpose of examination was to select for able candidates for specific governmental positions. This examination system was later applied to education.
  • In closed book system, the test taker was tested based on the memory to respond to specific items. In open book system, the test taker was tested based on the analyzing capability, test taker can use a reference book and a calculator when responding to an item.

In Favor:-
  • Most of the exams pattern is not sufficient to evaluate the real capabilities of the student.
  • generally, there are some important questions which comes every year. So some students just heartening the answers for them like robots and getting good score even though they are not aware of the actual concept.
  • There are many exams annually like daily, weekly and monthly tests. So, students barely has any time for extra curricular activities.
  • In present generation schools and colleges unnecessarily pressuring everyone including kids to get above 90%.
  • Most of the private colleges are not conducting practicals, they are just focusing on theoretical subjects to make their students toppers so that their college can become famous. By this students are not knowing the applicability of subjects.
  • Because of excess pressure of examinations some students committing suicide.
  • Some of the persons, who corrects the paper are giving marks based on number of papers without seeing the actual content. This discourages the students who have real worth.

In Against:-
  • Examinations help to evaluate an individual academically.
  • It helps the student understand the pressure which he/she will face in their professional lives.
  • Exams help in facing competition.
  • Exams help the students stay connected to their books.If there are no exams, most of the students don't concern about studies.
  • Through Exams students can know the areas which they are weak, so that they concentrate more on those areas.
  • If we qualify a person without exams, it may lead to critical situations like a doctor would kill many of his patients.

Conclusion:-

Examinations are not killing the education, but the pattern of some exams are killing it. Questions must in a way to make students think about it in order to write an answer. The weightage of practicals should be more than the theoretical subjects. Exams must include projects, assignments and presentations to judge the actual worth of a student.

Mantra To Success

Wednesday, June 19, 2013

Depreciation of Indian Rupee



Points to be known :-
  • Depreciation of Currency means decrease in the value of currency compared to the Dollar.
  • In 1947, 1 Indian Rupee = 1 US Dollar. Present value (on 24-06-2013) is 1 US Dollar = 59.68 Indian Rupees.
Causes :-
  • High interest rates :- High interest rates may attract foreign investors, but practically high interest rates leads to increase in the government debt, thereby GDP growth comes down. Then foreign investors are unsure of their returns, thereby they may take their investments back. It leads to Rupee depreciation.
  • Demand for Dollar :- When the demand increases the value increases. So, if the demand for dollar increases, it's value increases. And purchasing power parity reduces. Thereby Rupee values decreases.
  • Inflation :- Inflation means increase in prices of commodities. If the inflation increases, purchasing power parity of consumers decreases. Thereby they buy less. It leads to economic recession. Thereby rupee value decreases.
  • Unemployment :- Higher unemployment leads to decline in GDP growth. Hence Rupee values decreases.
  • Changes in International trade :- With the increase in rates of the products which we import, we have to pay more dollars. Then, demand of dollar increases leads to decline in the value of Rupee.
  • Trade deficit :- If a nation's imports are more than exports, it's called trade deficit or trade gap. If exports are less, demand for rupee decreases. It leads to rupee depreciation.
  • Budget deficit :- If the expenditure is more than the income, it is called Budget deficit. When budget deficit occurs, the country may not be attracted by foreign investors and hence the currency value decreases.
 Effects of Rupee depreciation :-
  • Because of the Rupee depreciation, Exporters are at benefit as they will get more rupees for same amount of dollars. 
  • Importers are at loss as they have to pay more Rupees for the same amount of dollars.
  • Foreign investors will lost confidence in the country's economy and they will take back their investments leading to further depreciation of rupee.
  • The price of the goods which have to be imported increases.
  • Tourism and studies in foreign will become expensive.
  • NRIs are at benefit as they will get more rupees for the same amount of dollars.
Conclusion :-
                    
                Even though some temporary benefits are there by currency depreciation, it's not good for the country's economy. Our Government must take necessary steps to appreciate the value of Rupee. Again the value of Indian Rupee should become equal to the value of US Dollar.

Mantra To Success

    Sunday, June 9, 2013

    Most FAQ in Interview



    Questions often ask in Interview

    Q.1 Please tell me about yourself. How would you describe yourself ?
    Q.2 What does success mean to you?
    Q.3 Share with me 3 major accomplishments of your life so far?
    Q.4 How would you handle rejection?
    Q.5 Who or what had the greatest influence on your life?
    Q.6 Share an incident where you met with failure. How did you cope with it?
    Q.7 Why should we hire an outsider if we can hire someone from within our company?
    Q.8 How do you handle pressure?
    Q.9 Do you have any role model? If yes, who is s/he and why?
    Q.10 What influenced you to choose this career?

    HR Point OF Representation

    Dressing Code

    Is dependence on computer a good thing

    In Favor:-
    • We can easily store and retrieve data without much risk.
    • We can store a lot of information and we can keep authorized access too.
    • We are sharing innovations between countries because of computers and internet. The world is developed faster because of computers.
    • Computers save a lot of time and money.
    • Because of computers and internet one can take any course in any institute through e-learning.
    • Books are digitalized and more convenient to carry.
    • We can solve complicated problems of maths in just a few seconds.
    • We can easily create documents effectively.
    • We can make effective presentation to explain a topic.
    • We can easily book tickets for travelling and for movies etc.
    • We can easily organize files in computers than the hard copies.
    • We can watch movies and we can play video games.
    In Against:-
    • The main disadvantage by depending on computers is taking risk about health. Working with computer most of the day causes stress, visual problems etc.
    • Some are living in virtual world because of computers.
    • Because of computers unemployment is increasing.
    • Information may be stolen by hackers.
    • Because of video games in computer, many children are addicted to computer and are being distant from real games.
    • We are becoming lazy by depending too much on computers and are being distant from physical activities.
    • Writing skills are degrading as many people don't want to write on a paper.
    • People are not utilizing their their thinking capability because of computers.
    • Crimes also increased because terrorists are also making use of them.
    Conclusion:-
                Without computers it wouldn't be possible for the world to become a global village. Computer are a boon for us. We should utilize technology to compete with this fast world. But too much dependency on anything is good for nothing. Every coin has two sides. It's up to us to receive good and to leave bad.

    Mantra To Success

    E-Learning: A substitute for classroom learning

    Points to be known:-
    • E-learning is essentially the computer and network-enabled transfer of skills and knowledge.
    • E-learning applications and processes include Web-based learning, computer-based learning, virtual classroom opportunities and digital collaboration.
    In Favor:-
    • Through E-learning we can study from anywhere at anytime. All we need is just a computer and internet connection.
    • E-learning costs less than classroom learning.
    • Through E-learning we can continue studies while doing full - time job.
    • We can repeat the lesson for many times if we didn't understand the concepts.
    • We can easily update new information / inventions.
    • We can e-mail the doubts, and can be clarified.
    • Student takes whole responsibility of himself in learning process. So that he becomes more confident.
    • Students will become more flexible with computer, which is much essential in present generation.
    • We can do the course in the university of foreign countries without going to there.
    • Students can become comfortable in face-face to conversations which is very important in career.
    In Against:-
    • Through classroom learning, we can clarify our doubts immediately.
    • Through classroom learning, we can increase our presentation skills.
    • Through classroom learning, we can know how to behave with colleagues and superiors.
    • Teachers in classroom can know whether students understand the topic or not, and explains the topic clearly using general examples.
    • Unemployment increases, in result our nation's GDP decreases.
    Conclusion:-
                 E-learning has its own advantages and disadvantages. It can't be a substitute for classroom learning up to graduation level. But after graduation level E-learning can be a substitute for classroom learning. If the student have more interest in studies, he can go for E-learning. If he has no interest, a person must be there to create interest in him by general examples and to make him study, that's only possible with class room learning.

    Mantra To Success

    Can Trade help the poor

    Points to be known:-
    • Exchange of goods and services is called as 'Trade'.
    • In ancient days, goods were exchanged directly. Later money is being used as medium of exchange.
    • 'Free trade' refers to a general openness to exchange goods, labor and information between and among nations with no barriers.
    • 'Fair Trade movement' began in 1950's with the aim of eradicating poverty in developing nations. Fair Trade focuses on exports from developing countries to developed countries, most notably handicrafts, coffee, cocoa, sugar, tea, bananas, honey,cotton, wine, fresh fruit, chocolate, flowers and gold.
    In Favor:-
    • It helps poor people to become middle class people by paying fair wages.
    • It creates the quality of entrepreneurship in poor people, So that their standard of living increases.
    • It supports the people, who have small business farms.
    • It provides safer and healthier working environment especially for women.
    • It's a advantage for all developing countries as it increases country's economy by exporting goods.
    In Against:-
    • More than half of the poor people are not aware of Trade.
    • The goods imported through fair trade are of low cost than the goods produced in that country. There is a chance that super markets may buy imported goods and sell them as the local goods for high cost as there is no separate label for fair trade products.
    • Local companies suffer from high competition.
    • By free Trade, people have no restrictions to move from one country to another. By this, National security is at stake.
    Conclusion:-
                   'Fair Trade' is better than Free Trade. Fair Trade is a boon for developing countries as it helps to eradicate poverty and every person will have a decent life. It'll be nice, if Govt. provides awareness programs about Trade in poor people.

    Mantra To Success

    Is WikiLeaks a bane or a boon

    Points to be known:-
    • WikiLeaks is an international non-profit organisation that publishes submissions of private, secret, and classified media from anonymous news sources, news leaks and  whistle blowers.
    • The website of wikileaks launched in 2006 under The Sunshine Press organization.
    • Wikileaks claimed a database of more than 1.2 million documents within a year of its launch.
    • Wiki means user-editable software. In the starting, wikileaks allowed to edit its data by users. But later they changed as they will accept data, and it will be published only if they accept. Means they will finalize it.
    • Wikileaks's director is Julian Assange, an Australian.
    • WikiLeaks founders are of Chinese dissidents, journalists, mathematicians, and start-up company technologists from the United States, Taiwan, Europe, Australia, and South Africa.
    • In April 2010, WikiLeaks published gunsight footage from the 12 July 2007 Baghdad airstrike in which Iraqi civilians and journalists were killed by an Apache helicopter, as the Collateral Murder video.
    • In July 2010, WikiLeaks released Afghan War Diary, a compilation of more than 76,900 documents about the War in Afghanistan not previously available for public review.
    • In October 2010, the group released a package of almost 400,000 documents called the Iraq War Logs in coordination with major commercial media organisations.
    • In November 2010, WikiLeaks began releasing U.S. State department diplomatic cables.
    In Favor:-
    • WikiLeaks has won a number of awards, including The Economist's New Media Award in 2008 and Amnesty International's UK Media Award in 2009.
    • Transparency of government is possible.
    • freedom of speech.
    In Against:-
    • Leakage of sensitive government information.
    • National security will be in danger.
    • Criminals may take advantage of this.
    • The leading newspaper of Jamaica, Jamaica Observer, writes in its Editorial: “It is unlikely that the world will remain the same, if WikiLeaks is allowed to prevail in its quest to expose government secrets."
    Conclusion:-
                   By wikileaks common man knows about government. It's helping to create a better society. But it should not leak some confidential documents which is a threat for the country.

    Mantra To Success

    Is Globalization Really Necessary

    Points to be known:-
    • Some world historians attach globalization big bang' significance to 1492 (Christopher Colombus stumbles on the Americas in search of spices) and 1498 (Vasco da Gama makes an end run around Africa and snatches monopoly rents away from the Arab and Venetian spice traders).
    In Favor:-
    • Through Globalization developing countries can become developed countries.
    • We can share technologies and inventions.
    • We can sell our products all over the world.
    • India has resources of skilled manpower. So through globalization other countries invests money in India. And by that our economy increases.
    • We can share the medical inversions which helps the patients of dangerous diseases.
    • We can exchange resources such as petrol, coal etc.
    • People are communicating with the world through their own languages as we can translate everything to our own language. So, their mother tongue will survive.
    • We can study fantastic books of foreign authors. 
    In Against:-
    • Through globalization, poor becomes poorer.
    • There is a chance of culture.
    • Non-globalized human societies will become extinct species.
    • There may be a chance of forgetting their own mother tongue.
    • Diseases like swine flu are spreading to other countries through the travelers.
    • Due to Globalization unemployment may increases. For example, The people of USA are facing unemployment, because so many people of different countries from all over the world are migrating to USA and doing jobs there.
    Conclusion:-
                There are more advantages compared to disadvantages. Nothing is perfect in this world. So we should see the positive side. In today's world Globalization is necessary.

    Mantra To Success

    Nuclear Energy in India - Boon or Bane

    Points to be known:-
    • Nuclear power is the fourth-largest source of electricity in India after thermal, hydroelectric and renewable sources of electricity.
    • There are 442 nuclear reactors in the world. And some more nuclear plants are in construction.
    • As of 2010, India has 20 nuclear reactors in operation in six nuclear power plants, generating 4,780 MW, while 5 other plants are under construction and are expected to generate an additional 2,720 MW.
    • India plans to increase nuclear power output to 64,000 MW by 2032. It aims to supply 25% of electricity from nuclear power by 2050.
    • Six nuclear power plants in India are located in Kaiga in Karnataka, Kakrapar in Gujarat, Kalpakkam in Tamil Nadu, Narora in Uttar Pradesh, Rawatbhata in Rajasthan, Tarapur in Maharashtra.
    • India involved in ITER ( International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor ), which consists European Union, United States, Japan, China,  South Korea, Russia as other members.
    • Indo - US nuclear deal was done on July 18th, 2005, under which India agreed to separate its civil and military nuclear facilities and place all its civil nuclear facilities under International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) safeguards and, in exchange, the United States agreed to work toward full civil nuclear cooperation with India.

    In Favor:-
    • Nuclear fission produces energy equal to 10 million times of the energy produced by burning of an atom of fossil fuel or hydro or wind power.
    • Through Nuclear plants, we can save our planet from Global warming as there is no release of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, chlorofluorocarbon) during nuclear reaction.
    • By burning fossil fuels, poisonous CO2 releases.
    • Uranium is obtained from open-cut mines, which is not expensive. And Currently, the high reserves of uranium found on Earth, are expected to last for another 100 years.
    • Nuclear fuel is inexpensive and easier to transport.
    • Nuclear Energy can be produced in large quantities over short periods of time.
    • When compared to the fossil fuel waste, the nuclear waste which occurs due to the production of nuclear power is small in quantity.
    • We can save oil reserves which are going to be run out at some point. 

    In Against:-
    • Nuclear plants are dangerous if it explodes. Thousands of people suffered in the nuclear accident happened in Chernobyl in 1986. Recently, on march 11th, 2011, four nuclear reactors exploded in Japan due to earth quake. And there are 17 nuclear plant explosions happened in the world till now.
    • Nuclear power releases radiation, which causes severe health problems to the people in it's surroundings. The radiation released by this, lasts for tens of thousands of years in the environment.
    • In Japan, at the place of nuclear reactors which are exploded, high radio activity was found in water, leafy vegetables, sea food, and in the people, who are working for reconstruction those power plants now.
    • Nuclear reactors last for about 40 to 50 years.
    • Terrorists may take advantage of this and may produce nuclear weapons, which is a great risk for entire world.
    • Even though it produces small amount of waste, it is highly hazardous. And the long-term storage of this waste is too difficult.
    • Nuclear plant is highly expensive.
    • Uranium is not renewable. If the resources of uranium are completely used, there isn't any more.

    Conclusion:-
                
                       It's definitely a bane as it is highly dangerous. What is the use of this power, when people are suffering from severe health problems. It's not too difficult to live without power, but it's difficult to live without good health. Growth of Technology should not be a danger for human survival. We should work more on alternatives such as solar energy and hydroelectric energies etc.  
    Mantra To Success

    Women Empowerment in India

    Need for women empowerment :-
    • "There is no chance of the welfare of the world unless the condition of women is improved. It is not possible for a bird to fly on one wing."- Swami Vivekananda.
    • There are so many women, who are silently baring the harassment of their life partners because of the lack of education, lack of legal awareness and lack of empowerment in women.
    • When women are empowered, all the society benefits.
    • Educating women about health care promotes healthier families.
    • Even though a woman works 24/7 to raise her children and to maintain her family, she is not getting recognition for her work at least in her home.
    Points to be known :-
    • Year '2001' was declared as the "women's empowerment year".
    • Article 15(3) of Indian constitution - Special provisions for women.
    • Article 16 - Equal opportunities for all citizens in public employment irrespective of caste, sex, religion.
    • Article 39 - The citizen, men & women equally have the right to an adequate means of livelihood.
    • Article 51 A (e) - One of the duties of every citizen is to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of woman.
    • Judiciary : Section 14 of the Hindu Succession Act 1956 - Property of a female Hindu to be her absolute property.
    • Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act 2005 - Women get equal share in the ancestral property.
    • STEP (Support to training cum Employment for women) - To increase the self-reliance and autonomy of women by enhancing their productivity & enabling them to take up income generation activity.
    • SSA (Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan) - For girl child education. It lead to increase in the Gender Parity Index (GPI).
    • The National literacy Mission or Saakshar Bharat - Literacy of women. Literacy is the critical instrument of women's empowerment.
    • National Rural Health Mission - Educating women on health care. It has resulted in the decline in fertility rates, Maternal mortality rates (MMR), Infant mortality rates (IMR).
    • SHG (Self Help Groups) - For economic development in women by giving micro finances.
    • GB (Gender budgeting) - Identifying the felt needs of women and re-prioritising and increasing expenditure to meet these needs.
    • NMEW (National Mission for Empowerment of Women) - To ensure economic & social empowerment of women.
    How can we take part :-
    • First of all, the woman must have the will to be independent & to be the best of herself, then rest of everything follows.
    • Creating legal awareness among women about their rights.
    • Educating women. Education makes them independent.
    • Skill development programs.
    • Forming groups. Unity gives strength to everyone.
    • And many more little things which makes significant difference and leads to the great future.
    Conclusion :-
                 
                    The Government and we, the people have responsibility towards women empowerment. And we can achieve this 'Millennium Development Goal' definitely.  One day will come, when gender inequality will only be present in the history books.

    Mantra To Success

    Multinational Companies: Are they devils in disguise

    In Against:-
    • The main advantage of MNCs is reducing of unemployment.
    • India is a developing country. MNCs helping India to become developed country.
    • They are helping us to connect with whole world, which is highly necessary for developing countries in present generation.
    • Some MNCs are including in social activities.
    • They are introducing new products of cost effective.
    • The employees of these companies are having high salary.
    • Economy of India increases.
    In Favor:-
    • India has many intelligent people. But the intelligence is not used by India, and using for the development of the other countries.
    • Many talented people are settling in foreign countries to work for MNCs.
    • The stress of MNC employees is more compared to others. There are many cases of mental health problems in these employees.
    • The pay scale of Indian employees of these companies is less compared to foreign employees of the same companies.
    • Employees of these companies are working like robots, and not spending their valuable time with their family.
    • Some young people are attracted by the high salary and moulding their career wrongly for luxury life.
    • In these companies there is least scope of using creativity. Mostly, employees are just following instructions of their superiors.
    • By MNCs, local companies are having losses.
    Conclusion:-

                     Multinational companies are not disadvantage to our country. India need MNCs to become developed country. But employees of these companies should not take responsibility for overloaded work just for high salary. So that, there can have fulfilment of passion and also fulfilment of personal life.

    Mantra To Success

    Is China a threat to Indian software industry

    In Favor:-
    • Chinese software Baidu (search engine) is in 6th position among top websites of the world.
    • Chinese softwares such as QQ (instant messenger), and Xunlei (download manager) are well known today.
    • Chinese softwares are of less cost. So, people prefer them.
    • Some software professionals are not working for India. They are working for foreign countries. More than 100,000 Indians migrating to the United States each year for better-paid software jobs. This is a big disadvantage to Indian software industry.
    • China has skilled man power.
    • Chinese government and industry program is shaping tie-ups with colleges abroad and investing millions of dollars in research laboratories and equipment.
    In Against:-
    • English accent and no.of English speakers are more in India than the China. Softwares are better accepted by all if they are in English version.
    • China's offshore software industry is limited to Japan and South Korea due to language barriers.
    • At present, India is far ahead than China in IT sector and it is developing too fast to catch it.
    • Only six of China's 30 biggest software companies are qualified at level five or four of the capability-maturity model. On the other hand, all of the top 30 Indian software companies have surpassed these benchmarks.
    • The top 10 Chinese information technology services companies have only about 20% share of the market compared with 45% garnered by India's top 10.
    • Top 10 Indian companies exported more software than Russia and China put together.
    • Many Indian companies have already started recruiting from Chinese universities. It's becoming a plus to India.
    Conclusion:-
                       In my view, China is definitely not a threat to Indian software industry as India is far ahead than China in IT sector and the India's technology is developing faster. Anyway, it's good to have healthy competition. Competition helps both countries to develop themselves.

    Mantra To Success

    Are Foreign television channels destroying our culture

    Points to be known:-
    • International channels available in India are  Deutsche Welle, CCTV 9, Australia Network, CBS World, NHK World, TBN, BBC World, CNN, Russia Today, Channel News Asia, F TV, INDIA Live24 24hr, HOME SHOP 24X7, TELE SHOPPING channel.

    In Favor:-
    • Now-a-days people can't able to talk pure mother tongue because they are watching foreign TV channels most of the time.
    • These channels have adverse effect on institution of marriage.
    • Some people try to imitate the trends which are shown in TV.
    • Fashion TV in the name of exhibiting new trends, vulgarity has been showing.
    • Children and youth are easily fascinate towards bad things than the good things.
    • After the introduction of foreign channels, there is a drastic change in our culture.

    In Against:-
    • Culture depends on a person's perception. Nobody can destroy our culture without our permission.
    • As world is becoming a global village, we must be ready to embrace all other cultures and have a knowledge about it.
    • By having foreign TV channels, we can able to know about world shows and can participate in them.
    • Discovery, National Geographic, BBC and much more foreign channels expand our knowledge.
    • Through star sports, Ten sports we can see the sports of all countries.
    • Cartoon Network, which is the best channel for kids.
    • With the new DTH technology users can subscribe the channels as per their wish.
    • Parents can lock those channels, which are dangerous to children.
    • We can't blame foreign channels as some local channels are also destroying our culture.
    • It's not their mistake because they are just following their culture.

    Conclusion:-
    Every coin has two sides, we should take only positive side. We are responsible for our deeds. But of course, I&B ministers should take necessary steps for the controlled telecast of visual media whether it is foreign or local channel.

    Mantra To Success

    Friday, June 7, 2013

    Brain Drain - Has to be stopped


    Points to be known:-
    • Brain-Drain means settling in foreign country. It can be simply defined as the mass emigration of technically skilled people from one country to another country.
    • Brain-Drain is occurring because of lack of opportunities or lack of facilities for practical education in higher education in their own country or because of political instability or for other reasons.


    In Favor:-
    • Because of Brain-Drain India is still remaining as developing country. Indians must utilize their knowledge and skills for India to make our India as developed country.
    • If all Indians utilize their skills for India, India will be the top most developed country in the total world. Because India has much skilled manpower.
    • Not only in case of India but also in every country, if everybody serves their country, every country will become developed and standard of living of every person increases.
    • Developed countries attracting the citizens of developing countries by high salaries and using their skills for themselves.


    In Against:-
    • It completely depends on individual. Everybody have a right of freedom.
    • Most of the NRIs are returning India and using their money, which they earned in foreign country to develop their native place or for charities.
    • Some people are going foreign for better studies and they are returning India and serving our country. It'll be really an asset for India. 
    Conclusion:-
                        In my view, we should not compel anyone to be in their native place against their will. It's better if we make them realize that everyone must have will to serve their country and desire to see their country as developed. And the main solution for stopping the brain drain is providing opportunities for everyone in one's own country to prove themselves.

    Mantra To Success